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How Vietnam’s Legal System Works
The big picture for newcomers: civil-law tradition, hierarchy of legal documents, who makes laws and decrees, how courts and procuracies are organised after the 2025 reform, two-tier local government, where to read laws in English, why practice differs by province, legal vocabulary translated.
10 bài viếtCourts & Lawsuits
Suing and being sued in Vietnam: which court has jurisdiction, filing a civil or commercial claim, court fees in principle, timelines in principle, evidence, interpreters, appeals, attending hearings as a foreigner, serving documents abroad.
10 bài viếtArbitration & Mediation
Resolving business disputes outside court: arbitration clauses, VIAC and other centres, choosing foreign arbitration, enforcing foreign arbitral awards under the New York Convention, commercial mediation, grassroots mediation, negotiation culture.
10 bài viếtLawyers & Legal Help
Hiring legal help: licensed lawyers vs. legal consultants, foreign law firms in Vietnam, how fees are usually structured (no prices), engagement letters, red flags, free legal aid, notaries and bailiffs (thua phat lai), working with translators, power of attorney for someone abroad.
10 bài viếtContracts, Debts & Business Disputes
Contract law basics foreigners trip over: language of the contract, governing law, deposits and penalties, unpaid invoices and debt recovery without debt-collection services (banned), guarantees and securities, partner disputes in a company, terminating a distributor or supplier.
10 bài viếtDocuments, Notarisation & Legalisation
Making paper work across borders: notarisation vs. certification of copies, certified translation, consular legalisation and authentication, apostille status, using foreign documents in Vietnam and Vietnamese documents abroad, criminal record certificates for foreigners.
10 bài viếtEmployment & Labour Disputes
Labour law disputes for foreign employers and foreign employees: employment contracts, termination and severance in principle, unpaid salary, labour mediators, labour courts, non-compete clauses, social insurance disputes, when a work permit issue becomes a contract issue.
10 bài viếtYour Rights: Fines, Police & Detention
If something goes wrong: administrative fines (traffic, residence) and how to contest them, dealing with police calmly, rights when detained or arrested, consular notification, access to a lawyer and an interpreter, bail-like measures in principle, exit bans in civil and tax matters.
10 bài viếtFamily, Marriage & Inheritance
Family law with a foreign element: marrying a Vietnamese citizen (overview), divorce and child custody across borders, wills and inheritance by foreigners, inheriting land use rights, recognising foreign divorce decrees, child support enforcement.
10 bài viếtIP Enforcement & Consumer Complaints
Protecting rights in the market: registering vs. enforcing trademarks, handling counterfeits, administrative vs. civil vs. criminal IP enforcement, customs recordal, consumer complaints against shops, platforms and service providers, product liability basics.
10 bài viết